POCT Strep A

Purpose:
In most patients, sore throat is a self-limiting, viral condition that resolves within a week. However, in some patients, sore throat is caused by a bacterial infection, most commonly Streptococcus A. In rare cases, complications such as rheumatic fever, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis or sepsis can occur. Identification of patients with bacterial infection can direct the use of antibiotics, ensuring patients receive appropriate treatment, whilst avoiding contributing to antibiotic resistance.

Several POCT devices for rapid qualitative identification of Streptococcus A bacteria in throat swab samples are widely available, with faster turnaround time than laboratory culture. The most common methods are rapid antigen detection tests, which rely on visual inspection of test strips, although newer methods utilising isothermal nucleic amplification technology are also in use.

Scope:
Three aqueous samples are distributed monthly, with a minimum of 36 samples distributed over the year, covering a range of bacterial loads. Samples comprise inactivated Streptococcus A bacteria in stabilising buffer.

The programme assesses the ability of the laboratory/POCT site to detect the presence of Streptococcus A bacteria in the sample. Qualitative scores broadly reflect clinical importance, with consideration of manufacturer quoted sensitivity. Correct detection of Streptococcus A is given a score of 0. A sliding scale score of between 3 and 5 is assigned for incorrectly identified results, with 5 representing a gross misclassification of result.

Key Features:

Stable liquid samples are supplied ready to use; no pre-analytical preparation is required.
Suitable for both rapid antigen detection and nucleic acid detection devices.
Wide range of bacterial loads covered.